In order to conceive, the sperm needs to fertilize the egg. However, conceiving a child can be made impossible by contraception which is prevention of the joining of the sperm and the egg (ovum) or Contragestion which is the prevention of the placenta formation.
Naturally, it is pertinent to note that, the sperm and egg that are required for conceiving a baby are living organisms that have a limited lifespan and in the case of the sperm is said to be viable for 72 hours and the egg is viable for roughly 24 hours. However, the viability of both depends on the person and the external factors that affect the individual.
Contraception that prevents conceiving a baby may be by use of physical methods or behavioral methods
Physical methods are:
1. barrier methods where a movement of the sperm through the cervix by use of a physical impediment preventing conceiving of the baby;
2. Hormonal methods which involves changing the woman’s hormonal cycle to prevent ovulation and subsequently preventing attempts at conceiving a baby;
3. Ormeloxefine which causes the ovulation to occur at different times with formation of the uterus lining. For conceiving of a child to be complete, the uterus lining is required to provide nutrition to the embryo in development;
4. Emergency contraception that prevents ovulation, conceiving a baby or even implanting of the fertilized egg, intrauterine methods which employ the use of devices placed in the uterus to prevent ovulation and conception;
5. Sterilization which involves the blocking, tying or removing the fallopian tubes to prevent conceiving a child. It may also be done on men to stop the production of sperm.
Behavioral methods are
1. Fertility awareness which is the timing of the menstrual flow to have intercourse when the woman is least fertile. This method is not 100% dependable since conceiving a child can still take place since the sperm stays in the vagina for at least 72 hours.
2. Coitus interruptus which is where the male does not ejaculate inside the woman preventing the attempts of conceiving a baby. However, this method has its limits due to the life span of the sperm inside the vagina and the menstrual duration. Accordingly, conceiving a child can still happen if the sperm and the egg get to join.
3. Avoiding vaginal intercourse which means alternatives like anal, oral and non penetrative sex. Though ejaculation may take place there is no chance of conceiving a child since there is no entry of the sperm in the vagina
4. Total abstinence, which is not having any sexual intercourse at all. This is an absolute way of ensuring that there is no conceiving of a child since there is no sexual activity
5. Lactational which is the period after giving birth that the woman is considered infertile and unable to conceive and it is invariably when the woman is breastfeeding
For the woman there are various factors that would make it impossible to conceive due to the viability of the egg are:
Smoking:
Smoking severely affects fertility and conceiving of babies in women and it is also a major cause for miscarriages. As fertility is a major requirement in conceiving, even if the sperm makes contact with the egg conception cannot take place since they would be no fertilization.
Alcohol
Alcohol like smoking affects fertility and the conceiving of a baby in both men and women. Due to the stress of work people turn to alcohol to alleviate the stress.
Malnutrition:
A healthy diet is important in ensuring that the egg and the sperm are fertile and to ensure that conceiving a baby takes place. The nutrients consumed largely determine the state and fertility of the sperm and the egg.
Ovarian Cysts
Ovarian cysts are cysts usually form during menstruation. This is when a fluid fills the ovaries making conceiving a child impossible due to the fluid around the ovaries. Accordingly, the sperm cannot reach the egg due to the liquid covering the egg. This disorder is not easily identifiable and can go unnoticed.
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